When expectations of role are materially different or opposite, a person tends to be in role conflict because there is no way to meet one’s expectations without rejecting the other.
When role expectations are inadequately defined or are substantially unknown, role ambiguity exists, because people are not sure how they should act in situations of this type. Research consistently discloses that where role conflict and ambiguity exist, dysfunctional results occur. There is particularly a decline in job satisfaction and need fulfillment.
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